Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah
(1876-1948)
"Few individuals significantly alter the course of history. Fewer still modify the map of the world. Hardly anyone can be credited with creating a nation-state. Mohammad Ali Jinnah did all three."
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born in Karachi on December the 25th, 1876, in a building known as Wazir Mansion. He got his early education at Sindh Madrassat-ul-Islam and the Christian Mission School at his birth place. Quaid-e-Azam joined the Lincoln's Inn in 1893 to become the youngest Indian to be called to the bar, three years later. He saw the name of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) as the great law giver of the world on the top of the gate of Lincoln's Inn. So he decided to study there. After his return, Quaid-e-Azam started his practice in law. Quaid-e-Azam joined Indian National Congress in 1906, as his first entry into politics. In January 1910, Quaid-e-Azam was elected to the newly-constituted Imperial Legislative Council. He attended for the first time a meeting of All India Muslim League in 1912. Later he Joined All India Muslim League in 1913. The third political party he joined was the Home Rule League. He was member of both the Congress and Muslim League at the same time. Initially he remained working with the Hindu leaders of Congress. He was given the title of "Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity" by prominent politicians. With the passage of time he realised that the Hindu leaders of Congress have a different agenda. Opposed to Hindu leaders' Non-co-operation Movement and their essentially Hindu approach to politics, Quaid-e-Azam left the Congress and became fully involved with Muslim League.
Quaid-e-Azam was a man of principles. He was probably the only person among all the big leaders of the subcontinent, who never went to jail. His motto was: Unity, Faith and Discipline.
When Muslim League finally decided to have a separate country for Muslims of the subcontinent, it was the leadership of Quaid-e-Azam which led the nation to achieve this goal. Because of these leadership qualities and his firm stand on the issue, Britishers found no way to reject the demand of Muslims of the subcontinent for a separate homeland. He took charge as the first Governor General of Pakistan on 14th of August 1947 in a ceremony at Karachi. India never took risk of invading Hyderabad or Junagarh in his life. Quaid-e-Azam died on September the 11th, 1948, at Ziarat near Quetta. He was buried in Karachi. His tomb is a beautiful piece of architecture and is worth visiting.
On August 15th, 1947 he addressed to the nation over the radio as following.
"The creation of the new state has placed a tremendous responsibility on the citizens of Pakistan. It gives them an opportunity to demonstrate to the world how a nation containing many elements can live in peace and amity and work for the betterment of all its citizens irrespective of caste or creed. Our object should be peace within, and peace without. We want to live peacefully and maintain cordial friendly relations with our immediate neighbours and with the world at large."